654 indexed papers · 430 research notes

Research archive

Reset

2026-06-03 · 2606.03522v1 · Research note

The UV Side of Little Red Dots: Red, Compact, and Iron-Enhanced Rest-UV Emission with a Strong Downturn around Ly$α$

Makoto Ando, Yuichi Harikane, Harley Katz, et al.

Across roughly 100 JWST-selected LRDs, rest-UV emission is redder and about four times more compact than matched star-forming galaxies. Stacked spectral trends and high Fe II/Mg II favor a substantial compact central component, although its physical origin remains model-dependent.

2025-12-02 · 2512.03239v1 · Research note

(Re)solving the complex multi-scale morphology and V-shaped SED of a newly discovered strongly-lensed Little Red Dot in Abell 383

Josephine F. W. Baggen, Pieter van Dokkum, Ivo Labbé, et al.

JWST imaging of a z=6.027, doubly lensed Little Red Dot resolves red and blue compact components separated by about 300 pc. Their blended light can produce an LRD-like V-shaped SED, but the red component remains ambiguously stellar or AGN-powered.

2025-08-19 · 2508.13541v1

Little Red reionization factories

Fan Zhang

Proposes Little Red Dots as “reionization factories,” where a Weyl-curvature–driven Cosmic Tide funnels intergalactic HI into colliding streams that shock, compress, and trigger rapid starbursts whose LyC reionizes hydrogen. In this picture, hot HII escapes along interstitial directions, so reionization proceeds via outflowing plasma rather than requiring extreme photon escape fractions. The model predicts a gas-dominated rest‑optical continuum—HII bremsstrahlung with a minimum‑timescale red cutoff and an IR rollover from opacity—while the UV is stellar, naturally producing strong Balmer breaks. It also anticipates narrow+broad Balmer components and slightly shifted Balmer absorption from bulk‑moving n=2 HI, with a proof‑of‑concept SED fit to J1025+1402; the scenario is explicitly speculative.

2025-05-06 · 2505.03183v1

The Physical Nature of the Off-centered Extended Emission Associated with the Little Red Dots

Chang-Hao Chen, Luis C. Ho, Ruancun Li, et al.

This Letter decomposes NIRCam imaging in 8 broad and 9 medium bands to isolate off-centered emission around four LRDs in Abell 2744 (UNCOVER + MegaScience). Three blobs are confirmed to be physically associated with their LRDs, with two showing medium-band excess consistent with very strong [O III] λλ4959,5007. While all three SEDs can be fit as ~10^8 Msun star-forming systems, the two [O III]-extreme cases are best explained as pure nebular emission from low-density, low-metallicity gas photoionized by the nearby LRD. Adopting LRD halo masses, the implied baryonic halo accretion rates are ~2–9 Msun/yr, suggesting growth to ~10^9 Msun by z≈4 if sustained at 10% star-formation efficiency.

2025-03-20 · 2503.16595v1

Little red dots as young supermassive black holes in dense ionized cocoons

V. Rusakov, D. Watson, G. P. Nikopoulos, et al.

Using the highest-S/N JWST/NIRSpec spectra of LRD-like broad-line sources, the authors show that Balmer-line wings are exponential and symmetric, as expected from electron scattering in a compact, Compton-thick ionized cocoon. Convolving a narrow Doppler core with this scattering kernel yields intrinsic widths of only a few hundred km/s, implying black holes of ~10^5–10^7 M⊙ accreting near the Eddington limit within light‑day–scale gas with mild outflows. Accounting for scattering lowers previous mass estimates by ~2 dex and naturally explains LRD traits, including very weak X-ray/radio via nebular reprocessing. This reframes LRDs as young, rapidly growing SMBHs rather than overmassive quasars for their hosts.